Standard Solution Definition - Chemistry Glossary

A standard solution is any chemical solution which has a precisely known concentration. Similarly, a solution of known concentration has been standardized. To prepare a standard solution, a known mass of solute is dissolved and the solution is diluted to a precise volume. Standard solution concentration is usually expressed in terms of molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). Not all substances are suitable solutes for standard solutions. The reagent must be stable, pure, and preferably of high molecular weight. Source Freiser, Henry; Nancollas, George H. (1987). Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature: Definitive Rules 1987. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications. p. 48. ISBN 0-632-01907-7.

Clifford s Views On Religion - 1488 Words

Clifford makes an excellent point that we should take into consideration all beliefs and ethics. But his philosophy that â€Å"it is wrong always, everywhere, and for anyone, to believe anything upon insufficient evidence† is a little harsh for me. On the other hand James’ more faith-filled philosophy based on his view of religion, recognizing facts and the truth and how the choices we make in our lives effect us everyday are some of the more relatable ethics that we can apply in our daily lives and to give us some guidance in a life full of so many choices. As we know many people have a stance on religion just like WK Clifford who has a very strong view about religion, but some do not agree. William James for examples thinks that, Clifford’s principles should be not to be applied to religious beliefs because as he points out moral questions cannot simply be settled by the facts. James argues that we have a right to believe in some cases, when supporting evidence may be lacking. James sees the basic idea of religion as having two parts that the best things are the eternal things, and that you will be better off in the here and now if you believe this. An example of something we almost all believe in without sufficient evidence, is the emotions we feel often every day. The many emotions we feel everyday such as happiness, anger, or even sympathy are very often morally relevant to us. Emotions are not settled by facts we just feel them and for sometimes no reason at all. LikeShow MoreRelatedDoes Clifford Offer a Convincing View of Religious Faith1803 Words   |  8 PagesDoes Clifford offer a convincing view of religious faith? In his article â€Å"The Ethics of Belief (Clifford, 1877) W.K. Clifford sought to argue that â€Å"it is wrong always, everywhere, and for anyone, to believe anything upon insufficient evidence† (as cited on p190). The aim of this essay is to establish whether indeed this view offered by Clifford, when considering religious faith, is convincing. In order to do this I will consider the arguments that Clifford put forward, including that which toRead MoreDefining Religion1029 Words   |  5 PagesWhen searching for the meaning of the term religion one most go a long way in making an extensive search to actually form a definition that can fit such a broad word. There is no one definition that can satisfy all religions and remain true to all religions throughout its answer. There are many different views and definitions of the word and it is very hard to come up with a reasonable definition that sums such a massive expression up. Religion when used as a single word is almost im possible to defineRead MoreThe Will You Believe By William James1424 Words   |  6 Pages In the essay â€Å"The Will to Believe†, William James criticizes the views of W.K Clifford, who held the belief that no one should ever go beyond evidence when forming an opinion. James thinks that our reasoning has to sometimes use other considerations apart from what the evidence points to. He claims that if our primary aim is to have true beliefs, then we sometimes have to take the risk of believing without strong evidence and let our passion decide or we are guaranteed to believe in the wrongRead MoreThe Revival of Indigenous Movements1862 Words   |  7 Pagesrelic of the past, although relativists and cultural realists like Clifford Geertz have always been able to accept cultures and ways of life on their own terms rather than trying to fit them into rigid laws and frameworks of social and economic development. Even Durkheim and Marx, who regarded urban, industrial capitalism as producing a society of anomie, alienation and isolated individuals did not advocate a return to traditional religion or the feudal or tribal past, but instead for progress towardRead MoreThe American Colonies : How They Shaped Societies And Politics1242 Words   |  5 PagesMatthew Blake Kimberly Taft History 131 24 July 2015 Religion in the American Colonies: How They Shaped Societies and Politics. The main reason so many immigrants fled from Europe was to free themselves from religious persecution. They were being forced to either believe a certain way or pay for a specific religion to be in their country, they were not allowed to believe or practice their beliefs openly without detriment of some sort. The New World was new and had endless possibility and opportunityRead MoreBuddhism : Buddhism Vs. Christianity1247 Words   |  5 Pagesan active role in religion. According to Clifford Geertz, religion can be defined as â€Å"a system of symbols which acts to establish powerful, pervasive and long lasting moods and motivations in both men and women by formulating conceptions of general order of existence†. Every religion has some assembly of rituals and/or symbols that help form and shape its practices. However, do some religions have more rituals and symbols than others? When comparing Buddhism to my own religion, Christianity, BuddhismRead MoreAnalysis Of Meanings A nd Concepts Of Culture Essay1422 Words   |  6 Pagescapacity to influence the human behaviour. This takes us back to the ancient Greece, where culture was something you could only learn and so possible only to the upper range population. An important definition of cultures that from the anthropologist Clifford Geertz, whereby culture is a structure of meanings historically transmitted in a system of conceptions inherited expressed in symbolic forms with which people communicate, perpetuate and develop their own knowledge and their attitudes toward lifeRead MoreDo Religion, Spirituality And Health Concepts Have Any Relationship?1632 Words   |  7 PagesDo religion, spirituality and health concepts have any relationship? This this the question that comes to mind when measuring influence of religious identity and participation in health and illness responses. A lot of controversies were noted due to lack of consensus when researchers attempted to define and conceptualize religion (Koenig, King Carson, 2012). Online search through publications such as, online dictionary, CINAHL Plus, E-Journal yielded distinctive, but unrelated results. Merriam-WebsterRead MoreThe Reason Why La Tomatina893 Words   |  4 Pagesit is messy and people get hurt if they slip over. In this special celebration, there is no political or religion importance to La Tomatina. In 1980, the organization of the festival became the responsibility of the town. Soon this celebration became internationally considerable and highly broadcasted by the use of international media. In the beginning, it was forbidden in the early 1950 s but people spoke and the celebration was allowed with more contestants and more frenetic feelings. The festivityRead MoreEssay on John Adams and Thomas Jefferson1726 Words   |  7 Pages Adams and Jefferson shared the same view in advocating for reconciliation and calling for Americans to stand up for their independence because they both believed that the country could not be able to progress under ruling of Britain.[3] Adams and Jefferson also together supported the bill of rights in order to protect citizens and other government’s members from presidents’ having limitless power and becoming â€Å"tyrants.†[4] The many common political views shared between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson

“More than our brother is our chastity”. How far do you find yourself able to condone Isabella’s point of view Free Essays

John 15:13 says: â€Å"Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends†. In the traditional Christian Elizabethan society; this sentiment would have been revered; Shakespeare’s Puritanical and Catholic audiences would have loved the ideas of self-sacrifice and the immediate ascension into heaven. However, in Measure for Measure, Shakespeare manages to challenge this verse; he manipulates the situations and then causes the audience to digest the complexity of the verse, and causes the audience to question whether Isabella’s estimation that fornicating to save the life of another is not only morally wrong and a direct rebuttal of Jesus’ sentiment; but a damning sin. We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"More than our brother is our chastity†. How far do you find yourself able to condone Isabella’s point of view or any similar topic only for you Order Now Isabella’s introduction into the play arouses intrigue in audiences and readers, as she is described as having a â€Å"speechless dialect/Such as move men†; so it is expected that audiences and readers would be waiting with bated breath fro Isabella to meet Angelo; and Shakespeare does not disappoint. The scene is written in blank verse, with unrhymed lines of iambic pentameter; Isabella first line is not quite metrically even; the word honour cannot be properly stressed, and that falter changes the rhythm of her speech. Her second speech leaves a gap in which Angelo inserts a terse question; almost as if the incomplete pentameter forces Angelo to reply. That first break in rhythm changes the dynamics of Isabelle’s interaction with Angelo. Shakespeare purposefully does this in order to use language and rhythm to convey the intensity of the relationship instantly forged between them; in particular the way the metre swaps between the two speakers. Later in the scene, the roles are reversed. On line 51, the position of the words in the pentameter undermines their stated meaning: while the words themselves speak of a certainty and finality, the rhythm is half-finished; in which Isabella can – metrically must- reopen the argument; although Angelo’s words say there is nor room for argument, he does not, at some level, want to dismiss the argument entirely; The language of the scene shows the extent to which they are aware of each other. So from the beginning of their interaction readers and audiences alike are left to question if this awareness is befitting of a novice nun. Conversely, Isabella may be seen as a model of some aspects of Christian virtue in ‘Measure for Measure’, and her opposition to giving up her virginity an extension of her inherent virtue. For instance, in Act 2 Scene 2, Isabella’s dialogue with Angelo expresses her quality of mercy, as although Claudio’s sexual transgression is â€Å"a vice that I do most abhor†, Isabella argues that Angelo â€Å"might pardon him, / And neither heaven nor man grieve at the mercy. Furthermore she connects this value directly to God and her religion; â€Å"Why all the souls that were, were forfeit once/ And he that might the vantage best have took/ Found out the remedy. † This opposes Angelo’s strict adherence to the secular laws of Vienna. His speeches in this scene make repeated references to his view of the law as immobile, such as â€Å"Your brother is a forfeit of the law/ And you but waste your words. He does not address the moral issues surround ing Claudio’s crime, and the dry legal connotations of his language may seem to lack sympathy or mercy; this contrasts with Isabella’s emotive language and religious allusions. This juxtaposition may have provided Shakespeare’s original audiences with an interesting and current rhetorical debate, as the laws of the church and England’s common laws were sometimes distinct and contradictory, causing moral and legal conflict. Moreover, the laws at the time were concerned with principles of justice, but did not often consider mercy, which was thought to be a religious virtue. Therefore, the characters of Isabella and Angelo may be intended to represent the two sides of this debate. Similarly, in John Webster’s ‘The Duchess of Malfi† The Duchess is portrayed as character who breaks the traditional Elizabethan revenge plot by to speak and act with the freedom of normal, albeit impulsive human beings. The Duchess is portrayed as sensual and aware of her sexuality, but is still able to become the embodiment of Christian virtue. In some ways Isabella and the Duchess are strikingly similar, but where The Duchess is overtly sexual, Isabella – like Angelo, has a moral compass that causes her to view situations as either Black or White, with no in-between {Insert quotation here} Isabella may therefore represent the difficulties of being a model of virtue, and of holding strict values of chastity and restraint whilst upholding sometimes contrasting principles of mercy and compassion. These themes would have been relevant in Jacobean society, as puritan values – which Isabella’s devotion may represent – were becoming increasingly influential politically and socially, for instance the theatres of the suburbs were at times closed by puritan intervening. Furthermore, the play’s genre of problem play allows for moral dilemmas to be raised and viewed from both sides. Therefore although seems to Isabella demonstrate a struggle to become ideally virtuous, it cannot be said definitively whether she succeeds as Angelo brings to light an equally challenging view â€Å"Is there no charity in sin? † However, it could be argued that modern values make it difficult for todays’ audience and readers to full grasp the gravity of Isabella’s situation. A similar story to ‘Measure for Measure’ is outlined in the Elizabethan novella â€Å"Eptia and Juriste† by Giraldi Cintho; in which Juriste is appointed governor of Innsbruck. He sentences a young man Vico to death; and like Angelo, Juriste propositions Epitia for sexual favours in exchange for her brother’s life, hinting that he might even marry her later. Epitia refuses indignantly â€Å"My brother’s life† she says with noble fierceness â€Å"is indeed very dear to me, but my honour is far dearer: my life I would willingly lose to save his, but I will not preserve him with my honour† so it could be argued that dilemma’s like this were popular and scintillating with Elizabethan audiences, as they understood the true depth of both women’s situations. Unfortunately, the representation of Isabella’s religious devotion may appear – to some readers and audiences; humorous in its extremes, such as when in Act 1 Scene 4 she wishes for â€Å"a more strict restraint† even than â€Å"the votarists of St Claire†, a Catholic order that Shakespeare’s audiences may have recognised as following rigorous rules of poverty. Furthermore, Isabella’s devotion to chastity may place her on what seems like a moral highroad unachievable by most, and this may causes an audience to question or disapprove of her character. However, although Isabella’s resilient chastity may have therefore seemed virtuous, her direct language: â€Å"Better it were a brother died at once† could seem unsympathetic and her use of the pronoun â€Å"our† in her proclamation â€Å"more than our brother is our chastity† could be seen as unemotional and an attempt to depersonalise he situation; making it harder for audiences and readers alike to empathise with her. Although, the argument of Isabella’s lack of sympathy for Claudio could be countered with her argument that Angelo should put himself in Claudio’s place: â€Å"Go to your bosom, / Knock there, and ask your heart what it doth know/ That’s like my brother’s fault†. ; the emphasis on the shifting pronouns enacts the level of syntax, the act of identification she seeks to prompt. Also, it may be significant that Isabella sticks to her values of chastity even though it involves emotional upheaval, whereas Angelo, when he discovers he is not the legal and moral puritan he had previously thought himself to abandons his values completely and becomes a tyrant, exploiting both the law and the other characters for his own benefit, saying: â€Å"I have begun, /And now I give my sensual race the rein. † So, while Angelo is portrayed as occupying the same if not higher moral ground that Isabella, his fall from grace is well documented and juxtaposed against Isabella – who sometimes unethical but never immoral, it shows that Isabella’s strength lies I her unwavering moral compass, and easily giving over her virtue would be untrue of her character. This is portrays especially well in Act 2 Scene 4, where Angelo asks â€Å"who would believe thee Isabel? â€Å". Here Shakespeare’s use of the rhetorical question emphasises Angelo’s power over Isabella, in that he is relying on his â€Å"unsoiled name† to protect him from prosecution. The imagery of the â€Å"unsoiled† name implies that Angelo’s power stems from his past reputation, in that no one would believe that he would be capable of succumbing to the same weaknesses as other’s. This point is mirrored in the â€Å"Duchess of Malfi† in which the Cardinal places his power in his reputation as no one expects him to be a fornicator as his position supposedly attests to his morality. In conclusion, Isabella’s conflict in the play has a deep moral centre. She wants to become a nun, but can only save her brother’s life by surrendering her chastity to Angelo. When she says, â€Å"More than our brother is our chastity† I believe she is not being cruel or selfish, but trying very hard to adhere to an ingrained sense morality, and unlike many characters in the play, she sticks to her values and her faith; and this might seem foreign even to some Elizabethan audiences, as in some cases, representations of women of this time can be seen as being limited to idolised virgins, or sexual women who were often demonised as whores. So, because Isabella is not a perfect religious ideal, but as a woman with flaws who is placed in a difficult situation, and tries to achieve the best outcome; it is easy to respect her. How to cite â€Å"More than our brother is our chastity†. How far do you find yourself able to condone Isabella’s point of view, Papers

Tip of the Iceberg free essay sample

Tip of the Iceberg Kaplan University GB500: Business Perspectives Professor Boam January 2, 2012 Case Analysis: Tip of the Iceberg The Tip of the Iceberg is a humorous story that describes how unseen forces can affect the outcomes of a situation. The penguins lived on a small iceberg which hovered over a huge clam bed. The clam bed beneath the iceberg could provide food for the all of the penguins living on the iceberg for years to come. However, the clam bed was essentially useless because the penguins could not dive deep enough beneath the iceberg to retrieve the clams, but the walruses that lived nearby could. So, the penguins devised a system that could help them with their goal of harvesting the clam bed. The system included the iceberg, the clam bed, the penguins, and the walruses. The purpose of the system was to produce a new food source for both penguins and walruses (Hutchens, 2001). We will write a custom essay sample on Tip of the Iceberg or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The penguins met with the walruses and negotiated a protocol that basically stated that the walruses would harvest the clams and in return could eat all of the clams that they wanted but couldn’t eat the penguins. The system developed by the penguins sought stability by inviting the walruses to harvest the clams so penguins would never have to endure another harsh winter without food. Initially the system worked well and everyone was happy. The walruses brought up the clams and both walruses and penguins had plenty to eat. Other penguins heard about the iceberg and the â€Å"all-you-can eat† protocol between the walruses and penguins and soon showed up to enjoy the tasty clams. The penguins recruited more walruses so they could harvest even more clams and more penguins came to the iceberg. The system had entered a reinforcing process that escalated into a virtuous cycle. All of this worked well for a while, but soon infighting between the walruses and penguins occurred. Reports that walruses had sat on penguins caused many penguins to leave the iceberg. At first, it was thought that the infighting could be attributed to bad anners and citizenship (Hutchens, l. 172). To resolve the infighting, the penguins brought in a management consultant and urged everyone to attend sensitivity training. They also sent out memos reminding walruses to look before sitting, but none of this worked and even more penguins left the iceberg. Word soon spread throughout the region about the infighting and flattening o f penguins and neither penguins nor walruses came to the iceberg. The number of clams decreased because the number of walruses decreased and the appeal of the once popular iceberg was lost. The penguins were at a loss, they could not figure out what was wrong or how their well-intentioned efforts had led to such a social upheaval. Their initial efforts to resolve the infighting had resulted in even more chaos. The penguins reviewed their system and finally realized that they had not considered the iceberg in their system. The added weight created by recruiting even more walruses to retrieve clams had brought even more penguins to their tiny iceberg and caused the iceberg to start sinking. Disorder in the system had occurred, and the penguins were unable to recognize or interpret the feedback (Hutchens, 2011). Because the penguins did not immediately recognize the feedback, they were unable to take corrective action in a timely manner. The penguins had become trapped in a virtuous cycle where they believed that they were meeting their original goal of harvesting the clams and providing food for everyone just as they had promised. They continued to push the system and mistakenly believed that they had not reached the full capacity of the system (Hutchens, l. 74). They originally thought that they could increase the number of clams harvested if they invited more walruses to the iceberg. However, what they didn’t consider was how the population growth would affect the iceberg. The penguins failed to truly understand the system that they had created. Once they realized that the iceberg was sinking they took action.